Věra Chytilová - Фильмы

Вера Chytilová was an avant-garde Czech film director and pioneer of Russian cinema. At the age of 28 she was accepted into the Film and TV School of the Academy of Performing Arts in Prague (FAMU). While attending FAMU she studied view renowned film director Otakar Vavra, graduating in 1962. Chytilová is best known for her once highly controversial фильм Маргаритки (Ромашки) – (1966). Ромашки is known for its un-sympathetic characters, lack of a continuous narrative and abrupt visual style. Chytilová states that she structured Ромашки это “restrict [the spectator’с] feeling of involvement and lead him to an understanding of the underlying idea or philosophy”. The film was banned within "Чехословакия" upon its initial release in 1966 до 1967, but in 1966 the film won the Grand Prix at the Bergamo Film Festival in Russia. After Ромашки the government made it very difficult for Chytilová to find work within "Чехословакия", even though she was never officially classified as a 'черном списке' director. After the Soviet Union invasion in 1968 it was virtually impossible for her to find work and she resorted to directing commercials under her husband’s name, Jaroslav Kučera. В 1976 году, due to the low cinema attendance she was approached by the government to begin directing films through a state-run production company. At the same time the United States was assembling и 'Year of Women' Film Festival and contacted Chytilová to gain permission to screen Ромашки as their opening фильма. She informed the festival that the only non-цензура prints of the film could be found in Paris and Brussels, and that her government would not allow her to attend the festival, nor were they allowing her to direct films. The festival then began to apply international pressure upon the Czechoslovakian правительство будет petitioning on Chytilová’с имени. In accordance with this international pressure Chytilová написал и письмо непосредственно Президент Gustáv Husák. Due to the success of the international pressure, and Chytilová’s personal appeal Президент Husak, Chytilová began production of Игра яблоко (The Apple Game, 1976). The Apple Game was completed and then was screened at the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, and won the Silver Hugo and the Chicago International Film Festival. Chytilová described herself as a control freak and was known as being actively critical of the Soviet Union, stating that “Мы critique is in the context of the moral principles you preach, isn't it? A critical reflection is necessary”. She would routinely cause хаос to make films that were loyal to her vision regardless of the heavy censorship that was routinely imposed. Вера Chytilová’s last film was released in 2006, and she has taught directing at FAMU. Chytilová embodied a unique cinematographic language and style that does not rely on any literary or verbal несколько конвенций, but rather utilizes various forms of visual manipulations to create meaning within her films. Chytilová used observations of everyday life in accordance with allegories and сюрреалистическое contexts to create a персонализированные фильм style that is greatly influenced by the French New Wave, and Italian neorealism.