J. R. R. Tolkien - Фильмы

Джон Рональд Рагуил Толкиена, CBE (/ˈtɒlkiːn/ тол-Кин; 3 января 1892 – 2 сентября 1973) was an English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor, best known as the author of the classic high-fantasy works, The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The Сильмариллион. He served as the Rawlinson Bosworth and Professor of Anglo-Saxon and Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford from 1945 to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewis - they were both members of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Толкиен что appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on 28 March 1972. After Tolkien's death, his son Кристофер published a series of works based on his father's extensive notes and unpublished лжепророк, including The Сильмариллион. Тезис, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings форме a connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary essays about a fantasy world called Арда, and Middle-earth within it. Между 1951 и 1955, Толкиен the term applied to the legendarium larger part of these writings. While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Толкиен, the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings led directly to a popular resurgence of the genre. This has caused Толкиен to be popularly identified as the "father" of modern fantasy literature - or, more precisely, of high fantasy. В 2008, The Times ranked him on sixth a list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". Forbes ranked him the 5th top-earning "dead celebrity" в 2009 году.